290 places JAL miles can take you from Hamilton
Award flights (Economy, one way), fewest miles first. Nonstop and one-stop.
Earn miles withJAL Card (official)
10,000–20,000 miles100 cities
- Charlotte CLTnonstop · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award12,000
- New York JFKnonstop · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award12,000
- Philadelphia PHLnonstop · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award12,000
- Wilkes-Barre/Scranton AVPvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award12,000
- Hartford BDLvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award12,000
- Miami MIAnonstop · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Toronto YYZvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Atlanta ATLvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Austin AUSvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Nashville BNAvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Boston BOSvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Baltimore BWIvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Cincinnati / Covington CVGvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Dallas-Fort Worth DFWvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Newark EWRvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Washington IADvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Houston IAHvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- New Orleans MSYvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Chicago ORDvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Pittsburgh PITvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Raleigh/Durham RDUvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- St Louis STLvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Tampa TPAvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Providenciales PLSvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Punta Cana PUJvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- George Town GCMvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Nassau NASvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Albany ALBvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Asheville AVLvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Bangor BGRvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Birmingham BHMvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Burlington BTVvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Buffalo BUFvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Charleston CHSvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Cedar Rapids CIDvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Cleveland CLEvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Columbus CMHvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Daytona Beach DABvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Washington DCAvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Des Moines DSMvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Detroit DTWvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Key West EYWvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Fort Lauderdale FLLvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Grand Rapids GRRvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Greensboro GSOvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Greenville/Greer/Spartanburg GSPvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Wilmington ILMvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Indianapolis INDvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Jacksonville JAXvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Lexington LEXvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- New York LGAvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Kansas City MCIvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Orlando MCOvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Harrisburg MDTvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Memphis MEMvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Manchester MHTvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Milwaukee MKEvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Madison MSNvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Minneapolis MSPvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Myrtle Beach MYRvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Oklahoma City OKCvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Omaha OMAvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Norfolk ORFvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Pensacola PNSvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Providence/Warwick PVDvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Portland PWMvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Richmond RICvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Rochester ROCvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Fort Myers RSWvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Savannah SAVvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Louisville SDFvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Sarasota/Bradenton SRQvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Syracuse SYRvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Tulsa TULvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Knoxville/Maryville TYSvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Valparaiso VPSvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Puerto Plata POPvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Montego Bay MBJvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Cancún CUNvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Moss Town GGTvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Belize City BZEvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Fayetteville/Springdale/Rogers XNAvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Panama City Beach ECPvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- La Romana LRMvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Santo Domingo SDQvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Santiago STIvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- San Pedro Sula SAPvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Coxen Hole RTBvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Palmerola XPLvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Kingston KINvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Mérida MIDvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Port-au-Prince PAPvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Camaguey CMWvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Santiago SCUvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Havana HAVvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Holguin HOGvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Santa Clara SNUvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Matanzas VRAvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Tulum TQOvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
- Halifax YHZvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award15,000
20,000–40,000 miles166 cities
- London LHRnonstop · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Montréal YULvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Vancouver YVRvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Brussels BRUvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Frankfurt am Main FRAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Hamburg HAMvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Düsseldorf DUSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Nuremberg NUEvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Hannover HAJvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Belfast BHDvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Manchester MANvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Saint Peter Port GCIvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- St. Peter JERvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Newcastle upon Tyne NCLvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Aberdeen ABZvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Inverness INVvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Glasgow GLAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Edinburgh EDIvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Amsterdam AMSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Dublin DUBvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Billund BLLvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Luxembourg LUXvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Denver DENvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Las Vegas LASvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Los Angeles LAXvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Portland PDXvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Phoenix PHXvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San Diego SANvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Seattle SEAvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San Francisco SFOvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Toulouse TLSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Lyon LYSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Paris CDGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Basel / Mulhouse BSLvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Geneva GVAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Zurich ZRHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Mexico City MEXvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San José SJOvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Bridgetown BGIvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Calgary YYCvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Bozeman BZNvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Eagle EGEvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Jackson JACvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Ontario ONTvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Palm Springs PSPvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Rapid City RAPvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San Antonio SATvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Salt Lake City SLCvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Sacramento SMFvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Santa Ana SNAvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Cozumel CZMvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San José del Cabo SJDvia Charlotte · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Liberia LIRvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Osbourn ANUvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Saint George's GNDvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Charlotte Amalie STTvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Christiansted STXvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San Juan SJUvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Basseterre SKBvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Vieux Fort UVFvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Oranjestad AUAvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Willemstad CURvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Sint Maarten SXMvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Kingstown SVDvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Georgetown GEOvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Guatemala City GUAvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Managua MGAvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Panama City PTYvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- San Salvador SALvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Guayaquil GYEvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Bogota BOGvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Barranquilla BAQvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Cartagena CTGvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Cali CLOvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Medellín MDEvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Lima LIMvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Maiquetía CCSvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Fort-de-France FDFvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Pointe-à-Pitre PTPvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Kralendijk BONvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Port of Spain POSvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Quito UIOvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award23,000
- Reykjavík KEFvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Munich MUCvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Copenhagen CPHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Oslo OSLvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Tromsø TOSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Kraków KRKvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Warsaw WAWvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Gothenburg GOTvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Stockholm ARNvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Tenerife TFSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Marrakesh RAKvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Cairo CAIvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Tirana TIAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Sofia SOFvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Larnaca LCAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Paphos PFOvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Dubrovnik DBVvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Split SPUvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Zagreb ZAGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Barcelona BCNvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Ibiza IBZvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Madrid MADvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Málaga AGPvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Palma de Mallorca PMIvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Valencia VLCvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Figari FSCvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Marseille MRSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Nice NCEvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Athens ATHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Heraklion HERvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Kefallinia Island EFLvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Corfu CFUvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Mykonos JMKvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Preveza PVKvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Rhodes RHOvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Chania CHQvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Santorini JTRvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Thessaloniki SKGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Zakynthos ZTHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Budapest BUDvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Brindisi BDSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Palermo PMOvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Olbia OLBvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Milan MXPvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Milan LINvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Bologna BLQvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Rimini RMIvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Venice VCEvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Rome FCOvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Naples NAPvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Pisa PSAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Firenze FLRvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Perugia PEGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Zgornji Brnik LJUvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Prague PRGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Tel Aviv TLVvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Innsbruck INNvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Salzburg SZGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Vienna VIEvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Faro FAOvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Ponta Delgada PDLvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Lisbon LISvia Philadelphia · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Bucharest OTPvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- İzmir ADBvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Dalaman DLMvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Bodrum BJVvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Gibraltar GIBvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Tivat TIVvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Amman AMMvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Buenos Aires EZEvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Rio De Janeiro GIGvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- São Paulo GRUvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Santiago SCLvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Tbilisi TBSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Berlin BERvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Istanbul ISTvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Ciudad de la Costa MVDvia Miami · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award37,000
- Helsinki HELvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
- Casablanca CMNvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
- Muscat MCTvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
- Tokyo HNDvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
- Doha DOHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
- Anchorage ANCvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
- Honolulu HNLvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award40,000
Over 40,000 miles24 cities
- Accra ACCvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Abuja ABVvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Lagos LOSvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Nairobi NBOvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Manama BAHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Riyadh RUHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Abu Dhabi AUHvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Mumbai BOMvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- New Delhi DELvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award45,000
- Cape Town CPTvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Hong Kong HKGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Chennai MAAvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Malé MLEvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Shanghai PVGvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Johannesburg JNBvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Hyderabad HYDvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Bengaluru BLRvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award47,000
- Colombo CMBvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award50,000
- Kuala Lumpur KULvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award50,000
- Singapore SINvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — partner airline award50,000
- Auckland AKLvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award50,000
- Sydney SYDvia New York · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award60,000
- Melbourne MELvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award70,000
- Perth PERvia London · JAL Mileage Bank — oneworld award70,000
One-way estimates from the airlines' published award charts (ANA flights at low season). Seat availability, fuel surcharges and detailed routing rules are not included.